|
Up | Syllabus | Lab Information | Schedule | Class Notes | Assignments
This page will feature up-to-date
notes on the material we have discussed in class. Check here for class
outlines and links to more information on the topics and issues of each class
session! This class is offered in Fall Quarters only.
Class Notes for Fall Quarter 2009
Monday, September 21
 |
Introduced the
kinesiology course...kinesiology is typically defined as the study of muscle;
however, it is really an overall umbrella to movement and health of the body
|
|
Instructors in the Fitness Trainer program and Health & Physical
Education Division to help with PE 290 Special Topics
|
|
Instructor Name |
Course(s) Taught |
Number of Students needed |
| Mike Arnold |
Weight Training, Power Lifting, SAQ |
1-2 |
| Lisa Borho |
Independent Fitness, Fitness-Wellness, Personal Training |
1-2 |
| Lee Brand |
Fitness-Wellness, Mental Performance, Independent Fitness |
1 |
| Veronica Brock |
Fitness-Wellness, Hiking, Independent Fitness |
1 |
| David Caldwell |
Independent Fitness |
1 |
| Steve Demassa |
Fitness Testing Lab Director |
1-2 |
| Vonie Kalich |
Independent Fitness, Fitness Center Basics, Fitness Center
Manager |
1-2 |
| Amber Moore |
Fitness-Wellness |
|
| Kristin Woitte |
Fitness-Wellness, Independent Fitness, Athletic Training |
1-3 |
|
Discussed resources
for the course |
| textbook web site |
anatomy coloring book/colored pencils or crayons |
| web site links from end of chapter of textbook |
flash cards |
| links from this class notes section |
elastic banding/rubber bands |
|
Discussed expectations
of students in the program, referring to the Student Handbook |
|
National Strength &
Conditioning Association (NSCA) Certified Personal Trainer Pre-test
|
|
Read Ch 1 for Wednesday,
September 23
|
<Top
Wednesday, September 23
|
Discussed the
following anatomical terms |
| Anatomical & Fundamental Positions |
Anterior/Posterior |
Contralateral/Ipsilateral |
Deep/Superficial |
| Superior/Inferior |
Lateral/Medial |
Distal/Proximal |
Dorsal/Plantar |
| Prone/Supine |
Palmer |
Ventral |
|
|
Discussed the planes
of motion |
|
Plane |
Definition |
Axis of
rotation |
Common
Movements |
| Frontal |
Bisects (splits) the body laterally from side to side...divides into
front and back halves |
Anteroposterior |
Abduction & Adduction |
| Sagittal |
Bisects the body into right and left halves |
Lateral |
Flexion & Extension |
| Transverse |
Divides body horizontally into superior and inferior halves |
Vertical |
Pronation & Supination; spinal rotation |
|
Discussed movements of joints
|
|
When performing
movement analysis, it becomes more difficult to understand which plane of
motion the body is moving through, as it probably is a combination of all of
them |
|
A joint is comprised
of two or more bones coming together...or articulating...with each other
|
|
Discussed three
classifications of joints...we will focus on the diarthrodial joints in this
class
|
Classification |
Definition |
Example |
| Synarthrodial |
Immovable joint |
Joint between lilium, ischium, and pubis |
| Amphiarthrodial |
Slightly movable joint |
Symphysis pubis |
| Diarthrodial
|
Freely movable joints |
Shoulder |
|
|
Discussed joint structure
|
|
JOINT
STRUCTURE |
DEFINING ELEMENTS |
|
Bone type |
Will aid in determining the
range of motion
Will aid in determining
joint type |
|
Ligament |
Join bone-to-bone for
structure
Little to no blood supply |
|
Tendon |
Connective tissue
Join
muscle-to-bone for movement
Little blood supply |
|
Articular or hyaline cartilage |
Connective tissue
Covers the ends of bones for less friction and wear
Little to no blood supply |
|
Joint
cavity fluid |
Includes synovial fluid and bursa sacs
Aids
in less friction and as a cushioning agent |
|
Other
"stuff" |
Muscles, blood vessels, nerves, etc that cross the joint area and
impact range of motion |
|
Types of
diarthrodial joints
|
|
CLASSIFICATION NAME |
TYPICAL MOVEMENTS |
JOINT EXAMPLE |
PLANE OF EXAMPLE |
| Arthrodial |
Gliding/sliding |
Intercarpal |
Not applicable |
| Condyloidal |
Flexion/Extension, ABD/ADD |
Metacarpophalangeal #2-5 |
Sagittal, Frontal |
| Enarthrodial |
Flexion/Extension, ABD/ADD, Internal/External Rotation |
Iliofemoral |
Sagittal,
Frontal, Transverse |
| Ginglymus |
Flexion/extension |
Humeroulnar |
Sagittal |
| Sellar |
Flexion/Extension, ABD/ADD, Internal/External Rotation |
Carpometacarpal #1 |
Sagittal,
Frontal, Transverse |
| Trochoidal |
Pronation/supination |
Radioulnar |
Transverse |
|
This class will focus
primarily on the ginglymus, enarthrodial and condyloidal joints |
|
We will focus on the
bones, joints, and movements in Monday's class...please know the following
bones/bone landmarks as soon as you are able: |
|
REGION
(pp.
5-6) |
BONE(s) |
LANDMARK(s) |
|
Cervical |
Cervical Vertebrae (C1-C7) |
Transverse processes
Spinous processes |
|
Trunk
|
Manubrium
Scapula
Sternum
Ribs
Thoracic Vertebrae (T1-T12)
Lumbar Vertebrae (L1-L5)
Sacrum
Coccyx |
Coracoid Process
Acromion Process
Spine of Scapula
Superior Angle of Scapula
Inferior Angle of Scapula
Axillary Border of Scapula
Vertebral Border of Scapula
Transverse processes
Spinous processes Costal Cartilages
Xiphoid Process |
|
Upper Limb |
Humerus
Ulna
Radius
Carpal Bones
Metacarpal Bones
Phalanges of Hand |
Humeral Head
Greater Tubercle of Humerus
Lesser Tubercle of Humerus
Medial Epicondyle of Humerus
Olecranon Process of Ulna
Radial Tuberosity |
|
Lower Limb |
Ilium
Ischium
Pubis
Femur
Patella
Tibia (thick bone)
Fibula (fine bone)
Talus (true ankle bone)
Calcaneus (heel bone)
Tarsal Bones
Metatarsal Bones
Phalanges of Foot |
Iliac Crest
Anterior Superior Iliac Spine
Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine
Obturator Foramen
Ischial Tuberosity
Femoral Head
Greater Trochanter of Femur
Lesser Trochanter of Femur
Medial Femoral Condyle
Lateral Femoral Condyle
Tibial Tuberosity
Fibula Head
Medial Malleolus
Lateral Malleolus |
<Top
Monday, September
28
|
Discussed
the skeletal system
|
|
Osteology
refers to the study of bone
|
|
When
born, most of the skeletal system is cartilage, not bone
|
|
As we
age, bone becomes more solid...refer to the table on p. 13 regarding the general
age when bone becomes physically mature
|
|
Once bone
becomes physically mature, a process called bone remodeling occurs to replace
brittle bone with stronger bone
|
|
In bone
remodeling, osteoclast cells remove the brittle bone while osteoblast cells
create a bone matrix in the cavity created by the osteoclasts. Once this
bone matrix solidifies, it becomes as strong as the existing/previous
bone...similar to cement
|
|
There are
two primary types of bone: cortical (compact) and spongy (trabecular, cancellous)
bone
|
|
Cortical
bone surrounds most bone with spongy bone on the inside
|
|
Long
bones contain cortical bone in the diaphysis (middle) and spongy bone on the
epiphyses (ends)
|
|
Growth
takes place in the epiphyseal end-plates (between the diaphysis and epiphysis)
|
|
Bone is
living, even upon maturity
|
|
Bone
landmarks are divided into processes and cavities
|
|
Bone
processes include elevations and projections that are used as attachments sites
for tendons, ligaments, and muscle
|
|
Bone
cavities are depressions that include openings and grooves for tendons, blood
vessels, and other physiological structures |
|
Worked in partners
for a lab experience in the skeletal system...paper test, skeleton model,
individual bones...to learn the bone names and bone landmarks |
|
Lecture power point for Skeletal System lesson |
|
Read Chapter 2 for
Wednesday |
|
Chapter 2 questions
due Monday, October 5 for extra credit |
|
Answers for Chapter
1 questions available in the Assignment section of the web site |
<Top
Wednesday, September 30
|
Skeletal System Exam
|
|
The names
of the muscles can be associated with a number of different characteristics...see
p. 36
|
|
Shapes of muscles
|
Shape |
Definition |
Example |
| Parallel |
Fibers are parallel; better endurance |
sartorius |
| Radiate |
Fan shaped; stronger than parallel |
pectoralis major |
| Unipennate |
Fibers oblique to one tendon |
biceps femoris |
| Bipennate |
Fibers run to both sides of tendon |
rectus femoris |
| Multipennate |
Several tendons with fibers running diagonal
to them |
deltoid |
|
|
Discussed
terms
|
|
TERM |
DEFINITION |
| Action |
The specific movement of the joint |
| Innervation |
The segment of the nervous system providing a stimulus to
muscle fibers |
| Gaster |
Belly of the muscle; the central, fleshy portion of the
muscle; the contractile portion of the muscle |
| Tendon |
Connective tissue that connects the muscle to the bone(s) |
| Origin |
The proximal attachment of a muscle, usually |
| Insertion |
The distal attachment of a muscle, usually |
|
Discussed
types of muscle contraction
|
|
CONTRACTION TYPE |
DEFINITION |
| Isometric, static |
Tension is developed within the muscle, but the joint
angles remain constant |
| Isotonic, dynamic |
Concentric |
The muscle shortens while producing enough force to
overcome a resistance |
| Eccentric |
The muscle lengthens while gradually having less
force to control the descent of a resistance |
|
Discussed
roles of muscle
|
|
ROLE |
DEFINITION |
| Agonist |
The muscle that is contracted concentrically causes the
joint motion; also known as prime mover |
| Antagonist |
Usually located opposite the agonist; have the opposite
concentric action to the agonist; contralateral |
| Stabilizer |
Muscles that surround the joint of body part and contract to
stabilize the area |
| Synergist |
Muscles that assist in the action of agonists |
| Neutralizers |
Muscles that counteract or neutralize the action of other
muscles |
<Top
Monday, October 5
|
With lab partner,
answered questions from a quiz on biomechanics |
|
1st class lever =
FAR (force, axis, resistance)...nodding head |
|
2nd class lever = ARF
(axis, resistance, force)...stepping up on tip-toe |
|
3rd class lever = AFR
(axis, force, resistance)...biceps brachii (most muscles are situated in this
configuration) |
|
Force arm = distance of
force from axis |
|
Resistance arm =
distance of resistance from axis |
|
Force X force arm =
resistance X resistance arm (work in must equal work out) |
|
Give up force for range
of motion |
|
Give
up range of motion for force |
|
Torque is the movement
of force around an axis |
|
Discussed the Laws of
Motion |
|
Law of Motion |
Definition |
|
Law of Inertia |
A body in motion tends to remain in motion at the
same speed in a straight line unless acted on by a force; a body at rest
tends to remain at rest unless acted on by a force. |
|
Law of acceleration |
A change in the acceleration of a body occurs in
the same direction as the force that caused it. The change in
acceleration is directly proportional to the force causing it and
inversely proportional to the mass of the body. |
|
Law of reaction |
For every action, there is an opposite and equal
reaction. |
<Top
Wednesday, October 7
|
Reviewed foundations
of kinesiology and muscle contraction |
|
Worksheet
for review |
|
Read Chapters 4 & 5
for Monday |
|
Questions for Ch 4
due Monday, Ch 5 due Wednesday (extra credit for homework) |
<Top
Monday, October 12
|
BONES |
BONE LANDMARKS |
|
Sternum
Manubrium |
|
| Clavicle |
|
| Scapula |
Spine
Superior/inferior angles
Medial/lateral borders
Acromion process
Coracoid process
Glenoid fossa/cavity |
|
Discussed muscles of the shoulder girdle, the movements
associated with them, and the origination and insertion points
|
|
MUSCLE |
MOVEMENT(S) |
| Trapezius |
upper- elevation
Middle- elevation, upward
rotation, retraction (adduction)
Lower- depression, retraction (adduction),
upward rotation |
| Levator scapulae |
Elevation |
| Rhomboid- major & minor |
Retraction (adduction), downward rotation,
elevation |
| Serratus anterior |
Protraction (abduction), upward rotation |
| Pectoralis minor |
Protraction (abduction), downward rotation,
depression |
|
Discussed movements of the scapulothoracic joint
|
|
MOVEMENT |
DEFINITION |
| Elevation |
Movement of scapula vertically upward |
| Depression |
Movement of scapula vertically downward |
| Protraction (abduction) |
Movement of scapula horizontally away from spine |
| Retraction (adduction) |
Movement of scapula horizontally toward the spine |
| Upward rotation |
Movement of inferior angle away from the spine |
| Downward rotation |
Movement of inferior angle toward the spine |
<Top
Wednesday, October 14
|
Turn in answers for Chapter 4 questions |
|
Turn in Extra Credit for Skeletal Test |
|
Power Point Presentation for Chapter 5
|
|
Reviewed the bone and bone landmarks for the shoulder complex |
|
BONES |
BONE LANDMARKS |
|
Sternum
Manubrium |
Costal cartilage |
| Clavicle |
|
| Scapula |
Spine
Superior/inferior angles
Medial/lateral borders
Acromion process
Coracoid process
Glenoid fossa/cavity |
| Humerus |
Humeral head
Greater tubercle
Lesser tubercle
Intertubercular (bicipital)
groove
Deltoid tuberosity |
|
Reviewed how the shoulder girdle and joint movements work
together (p. 116 of textbook)
|
|
Shoulder Joint Mvnt |
DEFINITION |
Shoulder Girdle Mvnt |
DEFINITION |
| Abduction (ABD) |
Movement of arm away from body sideways in frontal plane |
Upward rotation |
Movement of inferior angle away from the spine |
| Adduction (ADD) |
Movement of arm toward to body sideways in frontal plane |
Downward rotation |
Movement of inferior angle toward the spine |
| Flexion |
Movement of arm away from body forward in sagittal plane |
Elevation & upward rotation |
Movement of scapula vertically upward & inferior angle
away from the spine |
| Extension |
Movement of arm toward body backward in sagittal plane |
Depression & downward rotation |
Movement of scapula vertically downward & inferior angle
toward the spine |
| Horizontal Abduction |
Movement of arm away from body in transverse plane |
Retraction (adduction) |
Movement of scapula horizontally toward spine |
| Horizontal Adduction |
Movement of arm toward body in transverse plane |
Protraction (abduction) |
Movement of scapula horizontally away from spine |
| Internal rotation |
Movement of the humerus toward body in transverse plane |
Protraction (abduction) |
Movement of scapula horizontally away from spine |
| External rotation |
Movement of the humerus away from body in transverse plane |
Retraction (adduction) |
Movement of scapula horizontally toward spine |
|
Link for
further information:
http://moon.ouhsc.edu/dthompso/namics/shoulder.htm
|
|
Link for
further information:
http://www.scoi.com/sholanat.htm
|
|
Link on
throwing:
http://www.asmi.org/asmiweb/mpresentations/mmp.htm |
|
Link for
further information:
http://moon.ouhsc.edu/dthompso/namics/shoulder.htm
|
|
Link for
further information:
http://www.scoi.com/sholanat.htm
|
|
Link on
throwing:
http://www.asmi.org/asmiweb/mpresentations/mmp.htm |
|
Discussed muscles of the shoulder girdle and the movements
associated with them
|
MUSCLE |
MOVEMENT(S) |
| Deltoid |
Anterior- ABD, flexion, horiz
ADD, internal rotation
Middle- ABD
Posterior- ABD, extension,
horiz ABD, external rotation |
| Pectoralis major |
Upper- internal rotation, horiz
ADD, diag ADD, Flexion, ABD (arm ABD more than 90 degrees), ADD (arm ADD
less than 90 degrees)
Lower- internal rotation, horiz
ADD, ADD, extension |
| Latissimus dorsi |
ADD, extension, internal
rotation, horiz ABD |
| Teres major |
ADD, extension, internal rotation |
| Coracobrachialis |
Flexion, ADD, horiz ADD |
| Subscapularis |
Internal rotation, ADD, extension, stabilizer |
| Intraspinatus |
External rotation, horiz ABD, extension, stabilizer |
| Teres minor |
External rotation, horiz ADD, extension, stabilizer |
| Supraspinatus |
ABD, stabilizer |
|
|
Quiz on origin/insertion points and bone landmarks for Shoulder
complex Mon Oct 19 |
|
Reading of
Chapters 6 & 7 and extra credit questions for Chapter 5 due for October
19
|
|
Below is a list of
muscles to know for Chapters 6 & 7
|
CHAPTER 6 |
CHAPTER 7 |
|
Biceps brachii |
Flexor carpi radialis |
|
Brachioradialis |
Flexor carpi ulnaris |
|
Brachialis |
Palmaris longus |
|
Pronator teres |
Extensor carpi ulnaris |
|
Triceps brachii |
Extensor carpi radialis
brevis |
|
Supinator |
Extensor
carpi radialis longus |
|
<Top
Week 5 (October 19-23)
|
No class
on Oct 19 due to instructor illness |
|
Quiz on origin/insertion points and bone landmarks for Shoulder
complex
|
|
Power Point Presentation
for Chapter 6 |
|
Discussed information
regarding the humeroulnar/radiohumeral (elbow) and radioulnar joints
|
Joint |
Type |
Bones |
Bone
Landmarks |
| Humeroulnar (elbow) |
Ginglymus (hinge) |
Humerus
Ulna
Radius |
Lateral epicondyle
Lateral
(supracondylar) ridge
Medial epicondyle
Olecranon process
Coronoid process
Styloid process of
radius Head of radius
Radial tuberosity
Styloid process of
ulna
|
| Radioulnar |
Trochoidal (pivot) |
Radius
Ulna |
Head of radius
Radial tuberosity
|
|
|
Discussed muscles of the
humeroulnar and radioulnar joints
|
Joint |
Muscles |
Action |
|
Humeroulnar
|
Biceps Brachii
Bracialis
Brachioradialis |
Flexion |
|
Triceps Brachii |
Extension |
| Radioulnar |
Pronator Teres |
Pronation |
| Biceps Brachii |
Supination |
|
|
Link for more
information:
http://moon.ouhsc.edu/dthompso/namics/elbow.htm |
|
Link on throwing:
http://www.asmi.org/asmiweb/mpresentations/mmp.htm |
|
Read Chapter 7 & answer questions
for Chapter 6 for Mon, Oct 26 |
<Top
Week 6 (Oct 26-30)
|
Power Point Presentation
for Chapter 7 |
|
Discussed information
regarding the radiocarpal joint
|
Joint |
Type |
Bones |
Bone Landmarks |
| Radiocarpal (wrist) |
Condyloidal |
Radius
Carpals
Metacarpals
Phalanges |
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Medial epicondyle of humerus
Styloid process of radius
|
|
|
Discussed muscles of the
radiocarpal joint
|
Joint |
|
Muscles |
Action |
|
Radiocarpal (Wrist)
|
Flexor Group |
Flexor carpi radialis |
Flexion
Radial deviation |
|
Palmaris longus |
Flexion |
|
Flexor carpi ulnaris |
Flexion
Ulnar deviation |
|
Extensor Group |
Extensor carpi ulnaris |
Extension
Ulnar deviation |
|
Extensor carpi radialis brevis |
Extension
Radial deviation |
|
Extensor carpi radialis
longus |
Extension
Ulnar deviation |
|
|
All flexor group muscles originate
on the medial epicondyle (flexor ulnaris has an additional origin) |
|
All extensor group muscles
originate on the lateral epicondyle (extensor ulnaris has an additional
origin) |
|
There is an anterior (palmar)
surface and a posterior (dorsal) surface of the carpal, metacarpal, and
phalange bones |
|
Turned in answers for questions
for Chapter 6 |
|
Read Chapter 8 and questions for
Chapter 7 due on Wed, Oct 28 |
|
Quiz on humeroulnar,
radioulnar, and radiocarpal joints on Wed, Oct 28 |
|
Link for more
information:
http://www.dartmouth.edu/~anatomy/wrist-hand/muscles/ |
|
Link for more
information:
http://www.healthpages.org/AHP/LIBRARY/HLTHTOP/CTS/ctsndx.htm |
|
Link for more information:
http://www.innerbody.com |
|
Took quiz
on Chapters 6 & 7 |
|
Turned in
questions for Chapter 7 |
|
Discussed
the upper body analysis assignment due on
Wednesday, November 4 |
|
Discussed
the Group Research Assignment, which is due on
Wednesday, December 2 |
|
Read
Chapter 9 for Monday |
|
Disregard the following bone landmarks for this section:
base of sacrum, pubic
crest, sciatic notch, spine of ischium, ramus of ischium, pectineal lines of
ilium & femur, posterior inferior gluteal line, greater & lesser sciatic notch,
|
|
Disregard the following muscles: gemellus superior, gemellus inferior, obturator internus, obturator externus,
quadratus femoris |
<Top
Week 7 Notes (Nov 2-6)
|
Power Point Presentation for Chapter 9...Iliofemoral
Joint |
|
Discussed the bones and bone landmarks for the iliofemoral
joint muscles
|
|
Disregard the following bone landmarks for this section:
base of sacrum, pubic
crest, sciatic notch, spine of ischium, ramus of ischium, pectineal line of
femur, posterior inferior gluteal line, greater & lesser sciatic notch
|
|
Disregard the following muscles: gemellus superior, gemellus inferior, obturator internus, obturator externus,
quadratus femoris |
|
Muscles needed to know for chapter 9
|
| |
Flex Hip |
Flex Knee |
Extend Hip |
Extend Knee |
Abduct |
Adduct |
Int
Rotate |
Ext
Rotate |
|
Iliopsoas |
X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
X |
|
Rectus femoris |
X |
|
|
X |
|
|
|
|
|
Sartorius |
X |
X |
|
|
|
|
|
X |
|
Adductor magnus |
|
|
|
|
|
X |
X |
|
| Gracilis |
|
X |
|
|
|
X |
X |
|
|
Biceps femoris |
|
X |
X |
|
|
|
|
X |
|
Semitendinosus |
|
X |
X |
|
|
|
X |
|
|
Semimembranosus |
|
X |
X |
|
|
|
X |
|
|
Gluteus maximus |
|
|
X |
|
X (upper) |
X (lower) |
X |
|
|
Gluteus medius |
|
|
|
|
X |
|
X
(ant) |
X
(post) |
|
Gluteus minimus |
|
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
|
Tensor fascia latae |
X |
|
|
|
X |
|
X |
|
|
The muscles of the iliofemoral joint can be grouped into four
compartments, which are detailed on p. 225
|
|
ANTERIOR-
flexion |
LATERAL-
ABD, ext
rotation |
POSTERIOR-
extension |
MEDIAL-
ADD, int
rotation |
| Iliopsoas group |
Gluteus medius |
Gluteus maximum |
Adductor longus |
| Pectineus |
Gluteus minimus |
Biceps femoris |
Adductor magnus |
| Rectus femoris |
Piriformis |
Semitendinosus |
Gracilis |
| Sartorius |
Tensor fasciae latae |
Semimembranosus |
|
<Top
Week 8 Notes (Nov 9-13)
|
Turn in Ch 9 HW |
|
Power Point Presentation for Chapter 10...Tibiofemoral
Joint
|
|
Reviewed bone and bone landmarks for tibiofemoral joint
|
|
BONE |
BONE LANDMARK |
| Femur |
Lateral and medial condyles |
| Lateral and medial epicondyles |
| Tibia |
Lateral and medial condyles |
| Lateral and medial epicondyles |
| Tibial tuberosity |
| Gerdy's tubercle |
|
Discussed the joint structure of the tibiofemoral joint
|
|
STRUCTURE |
DEFINITION |
| Lateral (fibular) collateral ligament (LCL) |
keeps the lateral portion of the joint together |
| Medial (tibial) collateral ligament (MCL) |
keeps the medial portion of the joint
together |
| Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) |
keeps the anterior portion of the joint together |
| Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) |
keeps the posterior portion of the joint
together |
| Medial meniscus |
keeps the medial condyle of the femur in better contact with
the medial condyle of the tibia |
| Lateral meniscus |
keeps the lateral condyle of the femur in
better contact with the lateral condyle of the tibia |
|
Discussed the individual muscles
|
|
Read Chapter 11 and Ch 10 questions...due Wednesday, November 18 |
|
Chapter 10 quiz on Mon
|
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Week 9 Notes (Nov 16-20)
|
Power Point Presentation for Chapter 11...talocrural
joint |
|
Reviewed bones and bone landmarks, movements of the talocrural
and foot joints
|
|
Reviewed walking motion and how the foot joints work together
for most optimal technique
|
|
Discussed the structure, muscles and movements of the
talocrural and foot joints
|
|
MUSCLE |
PLANTAR FLEXION |
DORSI
FLEXION |
EVERSION |
INVERSION |
| Gastrocnemius- both heads |
X |
|
|
|
| Soleus |
X |
|
|
|
| Tibialis posterior |
X |
|
|
X |
| Tibialis anterior |
|
X |
|
X |
| Peroneus longus |
X |
|
X |
|
| Peroneus tertius |
|
X |
X |
|
|
The
talocrural and foot joints are very complex and need strong support in order to
perform well and reduce the risk of injury
|
|
Supination is a combination of plantar flexion, inversion, and adduction
|
|
Pronation
is a combination of dorsiflexion, eversion, and abduction
|
|
There are
two longitudinal arches (medial and lateral) and one transverse arch (created by
cuneiform and cuboidal bones)
|
|
Discussed the movement of walking in relation to the talocrural
and foot joints
|
|
Link to information about the foot and ankle:
Foot and Ankle Library
|
|
Link to information about the foot and ankle:
American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons
|
|
Link to information about the foot and ankle:
Foot and Ankle Anatomy
|
|
Chapter 11 questions due on Monday, November 23 |
|
Read Ch 12 for Mon, Nov 23: focus on the following muscles:
|
|
Spinal Column/Torso |
| Sternocleidomastoid |
| Splenius group |
| Erector spinae group |
| Rectus abdominis |
| External oblique abdominal |
| Internal oblique abdominal |
| Transverse abdominis |
| Quadratus lumborum |
| Intercostals
Group |
| Multifidus |
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|
